Use of Clean Technologies for the treatment of urban wastewater

Uso de Tecnologías Limpias para el tratamiento de aguas residuales urbanas

Abstract

In recent decades, due to the environmental changes that are happening globally, society and governments are searching for solutions for better use and disposal of water as a fundamental natural resource for life, health and food security. of the planet, and that in turn guarantees economic growth based on the sustainability of the environment and the water resource. Although the Latin American region is endowed with abundant water resources, it presents important risks associated with water quality and availability. In most countries in the region, between 80% and 90% of the sewage that comes from homes and 70% of industrial waste is dumped untreated into the surface waters of rivers and lakes, where it contaminates usable water. in inhabited places or is reused without any treatment in agricultural irrigation, causing a health risk for the population. This is why wastewater treatment systems are being the most used means to mitigate the environmental impacts of domestic wastewater. The present work describes the situation that occurs at the regional level, with emphasis on Latin America and Venezuela, in terms of the consequences in the disposal of urban wastewater in the environment, its effect on the health of the communities due to the diseases that spread through this medium, and how to reduce or eliminate their impact on bodies of water and the environment in general is proposed. Additionally, a brief analysis of the role of clean technologies is presented to provide an accessible solution to communities, regarding the treatment of domestic wastewater, presenting a summary of the available technologies.